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Condition (MeSH)

Kidney Diseases

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 13,204 trials for Kidney Diseases or a narrower condition beneath it. National Cancer Institute (NCI) has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 180.

MeSH D007674 Urogenital Diseases C12
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Phase 1 Phase 1 1,428 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 479 Phase 2 Phase 2 1,801 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 193 Phase 3 Phase 3 1,075 Phase 4 Phase 4 1,079 Not applicable Not applicable 3,549 Observational Observational 3,576 Phase 1 Phase 1 1,428 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 479 Phase 2 Phase 2 1,801 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 193 Phase 3 Phase 3 1,075 Phase 4 Phase 4 1,079 Not applicable Not applicable 3,549 Observational Observational 3,576

Trials per phase

1 more section with rows

965 of the 13,204 trials are tagged with Kidney Diseases itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

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The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Kidney Diseases trials start? (37)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 28 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational
  • Other (Expanded access)

Top of scale: 827

1990: 4 trials (Observational 2, Phase 2 2) 1991: 3 trials (Observational 1, Phase 3 1, Phase 2 1) 1992: 9 trials (Observational 3, Phase 3 2, Phase 2 2, Phase 1 2) 1993: 8 trials (Observational 2, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 4, Phase 2 1) 1994: 11 trials (Observational 6, Phase 3 1, Phase 2 1, Phase 1 3) 1995: 16 trials (Observational 4, Not applicable 2, Phase 3 5, Phase 2 5) 1996: 19 trials (Observational 4, Not applicable 2, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 6, Phase 2 4, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 1) 1997: 33 trials (Observational 5, Not applicable 5, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 9, Phase 2 5, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 6) 1998: 42 trials (Observational 5, Not applicable 6, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 5, Phase 2 16, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 6) 1999: 42 trials (Observational 7, Not applicable 4, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 10, Phase 2 11, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 8) 2000: 74 trials (Observational 17, Not applicable 5, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 11, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 17, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 10) 2001: 83 trials (Observational 18, Not applicable 5, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 7, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 22, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 17) 2002: 102 trials (Observational 9, Not applicable 10, Phase 4 22, Phase 3 13, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 32, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 7) 2003: 148 trials (Observational 28, Not applicable 20, Phase 4 21, Phase 3 25, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 32, Phase 1/2 9, Phase 1 11) 2004: 202 trials (Observational 33, Not applicable 30, Phase 4 33, Phase 3 34, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 42, Phase 1/2 11, Phase 1 14) 2005: 262 trials (Other 1, Observational 37, Not applicable 47, Phase 4 43, Phase 3 32, Phase 2/3 6, Phase 2 58, Phase 1/2 15, Phase 1 23) 2006: 331 trials (Observational 58, Not applicable 46, Phase 4 37, Phase 3 48, Phase 2/3 7, Phase 2 78, Phase 1/2 18, Phase 1 39) 2007: 328 trials (Observational 64, Not applicable 56, Phase 4 34, Phase 3 43, Phase 2/3 16, Phase 2 69, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 38) 2008: 414 trials (Observational 106, Not applicable 78, Phase 4 51, Phase 3 44, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 67, Phase 1/2 10, Phase 1 48) 2009: 416 trials (Observational 96, Not applicable 76, Phase 4 60, Phase 3 47, Phase 2/3 13, Phase 2 64, Phase 1/2 13, Phase 1 47) 2010: 449 trials (Observational 118, Not applicable 76, Phase 4 51, Phase 3 45, Phase 2/3 11, Phase 2 78, Phase 1/2 17, Phase 1 53) 2011: 454 trials (Observational 130, Not applicable 95, Phase 4 50, Phase 3 40, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 63, Phase 1/2 13, Phase 1 53) 2012: 467 trials (Other 2, Observational 128, Not applicable 104, Phase 4 52, Phase 3 47, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 69, Phase 1/2 14, Phase 1 47) 2013: 469 trials (Other 1, Observational 119, Not applicable 128, Phase 4 53, Phase 3 37, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 54, Phase 1/2 15, Phase 1 57) 2014: 512 trials (Observational 136, Not applicable 146, Phase 4 31, Phase 3 39, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 68, Phase 1/2 28, Phase 1 59) 2015: 543 trials (Observational 129, Not applicable 157, Phase 4 67, Phase 3 44, Phase 2/3 8, Phase 2 58, Phase 1/2 19, Phase 1 61) 2016: 559 trials (Observational 158, Not applicable 167, Phase 4 41, Phase 3 37, Phase 2/3 8, Phase 2 67, Phase 1/2 21, Phase 1 60) 2017: 577 trials (Observational 146, Not applicable 179, Phase 4 39, Phase 3 47, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 79, Phase 1/2 24, Phase 1 59) 2018: 604 trials (Observational 180, Not applicable 187, Phase 4 41, Phase 3 40, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 82, Phase 1/2 20, Phase 1 50) 2019: 669 trials (Observational 210, Not applicable 195, Phase 4 50, Phase 3 50, Phase 2/3 11, Phase 2 68, Phase 1/2 15, Phase 1 70) 2020: 589 trials (Observational 203, Not applicable 171, Phase 4 33, Phase 3 33, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 70, Phase 1/2 13, Phase 1 65) 2021: 724 trials (Observational 235, Not applicable 216, Phase 4 34, Phase 3 45, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 76, Phase 1/2 29, Phase 1 79) 2022: 722 trials (Observational 224, Not applicable 227, Phase 4 37, Phase 3 48, Phase 2/3 8, Phase 2 79, Phase 1/2 20, Phase 1 79) 2023: 757 trials (Observational 216, Not applicable 243, Phase 4 41, Phase 3 48, Phase 2/3 11, Phase 2 82, Phase 1/2 36, Phase 1 80) 2024: 814 trials (Observational 262, Not applicable 261, Phase 4 54, Phase 3 40, Phase 2/3 13, Phase 2 72, Phase 1/2 27, Phase 1 85) 2025: 827 trials (Observational 228, Not applicable 297, Phase 4 30, Phase 3 42, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 97, Phase 1/2 31, Phase 1 92)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 791
2025 827
2024 814
2023 757
2022 722
2021 724
2020 589
2019 669
2018 604
2017 577

Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 980 trials starting in 2026 and about 870 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 10 percent and ran about 4 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 25 percent and ran about 15 percent low against the count later registered, and had about 7 percent more error than repeating last year's count. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. A stricter check that trains only on older years did not support adding planned starts for conditions of this size: it ran about 6 percent high against the count later registered. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 36 months from start to primary completion across 1,141 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 24 months across 7,910 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Kidney Diseases trials in? (9)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 1,428
Phase 1/2 479
Phase 2 1,801
Phase 2/3 193
Phase 3 1,075
Phase 4 1,079
Not applicable 3,549
Observational 3,576
Expanded access 24

How many Kidney Diseases trials are recruiting? (12)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 671
Recruiting 1,565
Enrolling by invitation 95
Active, not recruiting 569
Available 4

Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Kidney Diseases trials? (6)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
National Cancer Institute (NCI) 180
Novartis Pharmaceuticals 125
Pfizer 119
Bayer 108
AstraZeneca 107

Which drugs are being tested for Kidney Diseases? (10)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
NIVOLUMAB 133
PEMBROLIZUMAB 123
Cytoxan 118
EVEROLIMUS 85
RITUXIMAB 76

Interventions as named in the registry (5)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
Sunitinib 4/2 132
IR Tacrolimus 104
Mofetil Mycophenolate 91
Bevacizumab 1 73
SQ Fludarabine 61

These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Kidney Diseases trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events 6,762 1
Pneumonia 5,782 455
Major Adverse Kidney Events 5,557 1
Sepsis 2,547 349
Cardiac failure congestive 2,535 198

Which publications cover Kidney Diseases? (2,004)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Sub-conditions in MeSH (24)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

+14 more sub-conditions

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.

Browse all condition evidence pages