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Condition (MeSH)

Retinal Degeneration

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 2,009 trials for Retinal Degeneration or a narrower condition beneath it. National Eye Institute (NEI) has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 90.

MeSH D012162 Eye Diseases C11
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Phase 1 Phase 1 188 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 167 Phase 2 Phase 2 283 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 46 Phase 3 Phase 3 234 Phase 4 Phase 4 152 Not applicable Not applicable 385 Observational Observational 551 Phase 1 Phase 1 188 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 167 Phase 2 Phase 2 283 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 46 Phase 3 Phase 3 234 Phase 4 Phase 4 152 Not applicable Not applicable 385 Observational Observational 551

Trials per phase

2 more sections with rows

130 of the 2,009 trials are tagged with Retinal Degeneration itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

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The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Retinal Degeneration trials start? (36)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 3 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational
  • Other (Expanded access, Unknown)

Top of scale: 114

1990: 2 trials (Phase 3 1, Phase 2 1) 1992: 2 trials (Observational 2) 1993: 2 trials (Observational 1, Phase 3 1) 1994: 2 trials (Observational 2) 1995: 1 trials (Observational 1) 1996: 3 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1, Phase 3 1) 1997: 1 trials (Phase 1 1) 1998: 4 trials (Observational 2, Not applicable 1, Phase 1/2 1) 1999: 5 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1, Phase 3 3) 2000: 9 trials (Observational 7, Phase 3 1, Phase 2 1) 2001: 12 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1, Phase 3 1, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 2, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 4) 2002: 15 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 2, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 4, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 1) 2003: 26 trials (Other 1, Observational 6, Not applicable 1, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 5, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 7) 2004: 32 trials (Observational 2, Not applicable 5, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 8, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 3) 2005: 44 trials (Observational 8, Not applicable 8, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 13, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 6, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 4) 2006: 72 trials (Observational 11, Not applicable 11, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 15, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 5) 2007: 93 trials (Observational 15, Not applicable 14, Phase 4 12, Phase 3 17, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 20, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 10) 2008: 81 trials (Observational 25, Not applicable 9, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 7, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 20, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 8) 2009: 82 trials (Observational 22, Not applicable 12, Phase 4 4, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 12, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 8) 2010: 65 trials (Observational 14, Not applicable 12, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 2, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 13, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 11) 2011: 89 trials (Observational 17, Not applicable 19, Phase 4 10, Phase 3 8, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 14, Phase 1/2 14, Phase 1 5) 2012: 102 trials (Observational 33, Not applicable 16, Phase 4 12, Phase 3 7, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 16, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 8) 2013: 78 trials (Observational 24, Not applicable 13, Phase 4 14, Phase 3 13, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 7, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 2) 2014: 100 trials (Observational 31, Not applicable 17, Phase 4 12, Phase 3 6, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 10, Phase 1/2 11, Phase 1 11) 2015: 114 trials (Observational 36, Not applicable 19, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 5, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 23, Phase 1/2 16, Phase 1 5) 2016: 66 trials (Observational 15, Not applicable 20, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 7, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 5) 2017: 69 trials (Observational 29, Not applicable 13, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 3, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 9, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 6) 2018: 90 trials (Observational 19, Not applicable 30, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 9, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 9) 2019: 105 trials (Observational 31, Not applicable 22, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 14, Phase 1/2 10, Phase 1 7) 2020: 80 trials (Observational 30, Not applicable 14, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 11, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 10, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 6) 2021: 102 trials (Observational 30, Not applicable 19, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 14, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 12, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 8) 2022: 85 trials (Other 1, Observational 26, Not applicable 25, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 8, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 10, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 5) 2023: 87 trials (Observational 31, Not applicable 16, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 5, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 10, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 11) 2024: 79 trials (Observational 24, Not applicable 20, Phase 4 4, Phase 3 8, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 8) 2025: 100 trials (Observational 34, Not applicable 19, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 7, Phase 2 11, Phase 1/2 13, Phase 1 13)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 88
2025 100
2024 79
2023 87
2022 85
2021 102
2020 80
2019 105
2018 90
2017 69

Showing 10 of 36 earlier years.

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Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 110 trials starting in 2026 and about 97 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 15 percent and ran about 1 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 26 percent and ran about 20 percent low against the count later registered. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 36 months from start to primary completion across 152 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 25 months across 1,256 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Retinal Degeneration trials in? (10)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 188
Phase 1/2 167
Phase 2 283
Phase 2/3 46
Phase 3 234
Phase 4 152
Not applicable 385
Observational 551
Expanded access 2
Unknown 1

How many Retinal Degeneration trials are recruiting? (10)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 66
Recruiting 195
Enrolling by invitation 21
Active, not recruiting 99
Completed 1,127

Showing 5 of 10 statuses.

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Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Retinal Degeneration trials? (10)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
National Eye Institute (NEI) 90
Novartis Pharmaceuticals 67
Allergan 38
Bayer 38
Genentech, Inc. 26

Showing 5 of 10 sponsors.

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Which drugs are being tested for Retinal Degeneration? (2)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
Brolucizumab 19
Abicipar Pegol 9

Interventions as named in the registry (13)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
ranibizumab PRN 226
2.0 aflibercept 129
Bevacizumab 1 55
Dexamethasone/Dexamethasone acetate 31
SHAM injection 29

Showing 5 of 13 interventions.

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These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Retinal Degeneration trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Invasive cancer of any type 1,617 1
Major cardiovascular event 805 1
Gastrointestinal bleeding 744 1
Pneumonia 637 129
Myocardial infarction 635 89

Showing 5 of 10 adverse events.

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Which publications cover Retinal Degeneration? (132)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Publications
Publication Journal Year Major topic
Ethnic disparities in inherited retinal degenerations. Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie 2025 Yes
CRB1-associated retinal degeneration is dependent on bacterial translocation from the gut. Cell 2024 Yes
Gene Editing for <i>CEP290</i>-Associated Retinal Degeneration. The New England journal of medicine 2024 Yes
AAV-mediated gene-replacement therapy restores viability of BCD patient iPSC derived RPE cells and vision of Cyp4v3 knockout mice. Human molecular genetics 2023 Yes
Ongoing retinal degeneration despite intraventricular enzyme replacement therapy with cerliponase alfa in late-infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 2 (CLN2 disease). The British journal of ophthalmology 2023 Yes

Showing 5 of 132 publications.

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Sub-conditions in MeSH (4)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.

Browse all condition evidence pages