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Condition (MeSH)

Reinfection

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 35 trials for Reinfection or a narrower condition beneath it. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 2.

MeSH D000084063 Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms C23
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Phase 1 Phase 1 1 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 1 Phase 2 Phase 2 2 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 1 Phase 3 Phase 3 3 Phase 4 Phase 4 1 Not applicable Not applicable 8 Observational Observational 18 Phase 1 Phase 1 1 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 1 Phase 2 Phase 2 2 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 1 Phase 3 Phase 3 3 Phase 4 Phase 4 1 Not applicable Not applicable 8 Observational Observational 18

Trials per phase

35 of the 35 trials are tagged with Reinfection itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

Get the Reinfection report as a PDF

The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Reinfection trials start? (20)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational

Top of scale: 5

1995: 1 trials (Not applicable 1) 2002: 2 trials (Observational 2) 2005: 2 trials (Observational 2) 2007: 1 trials (Observational 1) 2009: 1 trials (Not applicable 1) 2010: 1 trials (Phase 3 1) 2012: 1 trials (Observational 1) 2013: 1 trials (Observational 1) 2014: 1 trials (Phase 3 1) 2015: 1 trials (Observational 1) 2016: 2 trials (Not applicable 2) 2017: 2 trials (Not applicable 1, Phase 1 1) 2018: 2 trials (Observational 2) 2019: 1 trials (Phase 2 1) 2020: 2 trials (Observational 2) 2021: 5 trials (Observational 2, Not applicable 1, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 1) 2022: 1 trials (Observational 1) 2023: 4 trials (Observational 2, Not applicable 1, Phase 3 1) 2024: 2 trials (Observational 1, Phase 1/2 1) 2025: 2 trials (Not applicable 1, Phase 4 1)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2025 2
2024 2
2023 4
2022 1
2021 5
2020 2
2019 1
2018 2
2017 2
2016 2

No forecast is made for this condition: it averages 1.8 trial starts a year over the five years to September, under the 5 a year the method needs.

Recruitment duration, a model prediction: 3 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot, fewer than the 5 needed for a median. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Reinfection trials in? (8)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 1
Phase 1/2 1
Phase 2 2
Phase 2/3 1
Phase 3 3
Phase 4 1
Not applicable 8
Observational 18

How many Reinfection trials are recruiting? (6)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 1
Recruiting 3
Enrolling by invitation 1
Active, not recruiting 3
Completed 14

Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Reinfection trials? (3)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 2
Instituto Grifols, S.A. 1
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative 1

Interventions as named in the registry (15)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
Fecal filtrate transplantation 1
No Interventions 1
H56:IC31 1
PPV-23 1
Vancomycin 1.1% 1

These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Reinfection trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Suicidal Ideation 7 1
Gun shot wound 3 1
Non-fatal heroin overdose 2 1
Overdose 2 1
Pneumonia 2 1

Which publications cover Reinfection? (36)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Publications
Publication Journal Year Major topic
Reinfection and Resistance Associated Substitutions Following a Minimal Monitoring Approach for Hepatitis C Virus Treatment in MINMON Trial. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2025 Yes
The Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection on Long-Term Symptoms in the Innovative Support for Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry (INSPIRE). Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2025 Yes
Biallelic CRELD1 variants cause a multisystem syndrome, including neurodevelopmental phenotypes, cardiac dysrhythmias, and frequent infections. Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics 2024 Yes
Hepatitis C Virus Reinfection Among People Who Inject Drugs: Long-Term Follow-Up of the HERO Study. JAMA network open 2024 Yes
High rate of reinfection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. The Journal of infection 2022 Yes

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence, rare-disease identity, and sub-conditions in mesh.

Browse all condition evidence pages