Condition (MeSH)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
ClinicalTrials.gov lists 9,973 trials for Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 or a narrower condition beneath it. Novo Nordisk A/S has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 630.
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Trials per phase (log scale)
2 more sections with rows
9,969 of the 9,973 trials are tagged with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.
When did Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 trials start? (36)
Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 18 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.
Trials over time, by phase
- Phase 1
- Phase 1/2
- Phase 2
- Phase 2/3
- Phase 3
- Phase 4
- Not applicable
- Observational
- Other (Expanded access, Unknown)
Top of scale: 544
Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.
| Year | Trials started |
|---|---|
| 2026 (partial year) | 485 |
| 2025 | 495 |
| 2024 | 544 |
| 2023 | 497 |
| 2022 | 497 |
| 2021 | 496 |
| 2020 | 383 |
| 2019 | 424 |
| 2018 | 395 |
| 2017 | 399 |
Showing 10 of 36 earlier years.
Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 610 trials starting in 2026 and about 540 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 10 percent and ran about 4 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 25 percent and ran about 15 percent low against the count later registered, and had about 7 percent more error than repeating last year's count. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. A stricter check that trains only on older years did not support adding planned starts for conditions of this size: it ran about 6 percent high against the count later registered. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.
Prediction, not a registry value: median of 32 months from start to primary completion across 657 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 17 months across 7,060 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.
What phase are Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 trials in? (10)
Shown in this order: phase order.
Show the trials by phase as a table
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Phase 1 | 1,038 |
| Phase 1/2 | 113 |
| Phase 2 | 793 |
| Phase 2/3 | 108 |
| Phase 3 | 1,316 |
| Phase 4 | 1,183 |
| Not applicable | 3,695 |
| Observational | 1,722 |
| Expanded access | 3 |
| Unknown | 2 |
How many Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 trials are recruiting? (11)
Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.
| Status | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not yet recruiting | 341 |
| Recruiting | 723 |
| Enrolling by invitation | 75 |
| Active, not recruiting | 284 |
| Available | 1 |
Showing 5 of 11 statuses.
Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.
Which lead sponsors run the most Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 trials? (14)
Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.
| Sponsor | Trials |
|---|---|
| Novo Nordisk A/S | 630 |
| AstraZeneca | 329 |
| Eli Lilly and Company | 233 |
| Sanofi | 184 |
| Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | 181 |
Showing 5 of 14 sponsors.
Which drugs are being tested for Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2? (6)
Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.
| Drug | Trials |
|---|---|
| SITAGLIPTIN | 277 |
| Semaglutide | 220 |
| BMS-512148 | 180 |
| LIRAGLUTIDE | 171 |
| Exenatide | 135 |
Showing 5 of 6 drugs.
Interventions as named in the registry (9)
Shown in this order: most trials first.
| Drug | Trials |
|---|---|
| 1% Metformin | 577 |
| Glargine Insulin | 345 |
| Pioglitazone - TZD | 158 |
| Add Glimepiride | 141 |
| Empagliflozine | 138 |
Showing 5 of 9 interventions.
These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.
Which serious adverse events do Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 trials report? (10)
Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.
| Adverse event | Subjects affected | Trials |
|---|---|---|
| Surgical and medical procedures | 11,812 | 1 |
| Acute MI | 11,372 | 1 |
| Acute Stroke | 10,647 | 1 |
| Heart Failure Hospitalization | 10,455 | 1 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5 or ESKD | 9,216 | 1 |
Showing 5 of 10 adverse events.
Which publications cover Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2? (14,618)
Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.
| Publication | Journal | Year | Major topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular outcomes of semaglutide and tirzepatide for patients with type 2 diabetes in clinical practice. | Nature medicine | 2026 | Yes |
| REMODELing mechanistic trials for kidney disease: a multimodal, tissue-centered approach to understand the renal mechanism of action of semaglutide. | Kidney international | 2026 | Yes |
| Efficacy and safety of finerenone in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: A FIDELITY analysis by baseline kidney function. | Journal of diabetes and its complications | 2026 | Yes |
| Sex Differences in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Treatment Response to AT-001: Insights From the ARISE-HF Study. | JACC. Heart failure | 2026 | Yes |
| Long-term effects of dietary protein and carbohydrate quality on prediabetes remission: results from the PREVIEW randomised multinational diabetes prevention trial. | Diabetologia | 2026 | Yes |
Showing 5 of 14,618 publications.
Sub-conditions in MeSH (1)
MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.
Not on this page
Not measured: delivery record.
Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.