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Condition (MeSH)

Musculoskeletal Diseases

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 27,975 trials for Musculoskeletal Diseases or a narrower condition beneath it. Pfizer has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 278.

MeSH D009140 Musculoskeletal Diseases C05
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Phase 1 Phase 1 1,375 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 515 Phase 2 Phase 2 2,160 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 357 Phase 3 Phase 3 2,123 Phase 4 Phase 4 1,905 Not applicable Not applicable 12,221 Observational Observational 7,279 Phase 1 Phase 1 1,375 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 515 Phase 2 Phase 2 2,160 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 357 Phase 3 Phase 3 2,123 Phase 4 Phase 4 1,905 Not applicable Not applicable 12,221 Observational Observational 7,279

Trials per phase (log scale)

2 more sections with rows

747 of the 27,975 trials are tagged with Musculoskeletal Diseases itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

Get the Musculoskeletal Diseases report as a PDF

The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Musculoskeletal Diseases trials start? (37)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 58 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational
  • Other (Expanded access, Unknown)

Top of scale: 1,882

1990: 3 trials (Phase 4 1, Phase 3 1, Phase 2 1) 1991: 10 trials (Observational 4, Phase 3 1, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 4) 1992: 10 trials (Observational 4, Not applicable 1, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 2, Phase 2 2) 1993: 16 trials (Observational 10, Not applicable 1, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 2, Phase 2 1, Phase 1 1) 1994: 17 trials (Observational 11, Not applicable 3, Phase 3 1, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 1 1) 1995: 33 trials (Observational 15, Not applicable 2, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 4, Phase 2 10, Phase 1 1) 1996: 30 trials (Observational 9, Not applicable 5, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 8, Phase 2 6, Phase 1 1) 1997: 44 trials (Observational 13, Not applicable 9, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 7, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 9, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 2) 1998: 62 trials (Observational 22, Not applicable 12, Phase 4 11, Phase 3 6, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 1) 1999: 90 trials (Observational 25, Not applicable 24, Phase 4 6, Phase 3 11, Phase 2 21, Phase 1 3) 2000: 119 trials (Observational 26, Not applicable 14, Phase 4 16, Phase 3 28, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 19, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 12) 2001: 142 trials (Observational 31, Not applicable 39, Phase 4 17, Phase 3 28, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 18, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 4) 2002: 227 trials (Observational 47, Not applicable 38, Phase 4 28, Phase 3 62, Phase 2/3 6, Phase 2 30, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 12) 2003: 305 trials (Observational 54, Not applicable 66, Phase 4 45, Phase 3 77, Phase 2/3 13, Phase 2 30, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 13) 2004: 411 trials (Observational 76, Not applicable 80, Phase 4 63, Phase 3 84, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 71, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 19) 2005: 417 trials (Observational 95, Not applicable 80, Phase 4 59, Phase 3 79, Phase 2/3 6, Phase 2 61, Phase 1/2 13, Phase 1 24) 2006: 554 trials (Observational 114, Not applicable 132, Phase 4 73, Phase 3 108, Phase 2/3 8, Phase 2 66, Phase 1/2 15, Phase 1 38) 2007: 598 trials (Other 1, Observational 140, Not applicable 122, Phase 4 78, Phase 3 107, Phase 2/3 13, Phase 2 84, Phase 1/2 12, Phase 1 41) 2008: 644 trials (Observational 139, Not applicable 159, Phase 4 92, Phase 3 83, Phase 2/3 19, Phase 2 82, Phase 1/2 19, Phase 1 51) 2009: 744 trials (Other 2, Observational 197, Not applicable 200, Phase 4 73, Phase 3 108, Phase 2/3 12, Phase 2 85, Phase 1/2 17, Phase 1 50) 2010: 779 trials (Observational 201, Not applicable 229, Phase 4 82, Phase 3 92, Phase 2/3 15, Phase 2 96, Phase 1/2 13, Phase 1 51) 2011: 849 trials (Observational 219, Not applicable 249, Phase 4 88, Phase 3 99, Phase 2/3 11, Phase 2 108, Phase 1/2 17, Phase 1 58) 2012: 922 trials (Observational 274, Not applicable 282, Phase 4 77, Phase 3 103, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 97, Phase 1/2 24, Phase 1 55) 2013: 952 trials (Observational 248, Not applicable 349, Phase 4 103, Phase 3 80, Phase 2/3 19, Phase 2 74, Phase 1/2 29, Phase 1 50) 2014: 1,093 trials (Observational 271, Not applicable 443, Phase 4 77, Phase 3 90, Phase 2/3 13, Phase 2 98, Phase 1/2 27, Phase 1 74) 2015: 1,128 trials (Other 2, Observational 284, Not applicable 456, Phase 4 95, Phase 3 91, Phase 2/3 13, Phase 2 90, Phase 1/2 31, Phase 1 66) 2016: 1,200 trials (Other 1, Observational 305, Not applicable 529, Phase 4 99, Phase 3 73, Phase 2/3 15, Phase 2 102, Phase 1/2 16, Phase 1 60) 2017: 1,187 trials (Observational 286, Not applicable 560, Phase 4 65, Phase 3 84, Phase 2/3 15, Phase 2 97, Phase 1/2 19, Phase 1 61) 2018: 1,406 trials (Observational 393, Not applicable 690, Phase 4 68, Phase 3 76, Phase 2/3 17, Phase 2 81, Phase 1/2 22, Phase 1 59) 2019: 1,536 trials (Observational 414, Not applicable 789, Phase 4 72, Phase 3 67, Phase 2/3 20, Phase 2 85, Phase 1/2 24, Phase 1 65) 2020: 1,426 trials (Observational 441, Not applicable 690, Phase 4 58, Phase 3 53, Phase 2/3 11, Phase 2 93, Phase 1/2 21, Phase 1 59) 2021: 1,815 trials (Observational 517, Not applicable 914, Phase 4 77, Phase 3 88, Phase 2/3 20, Phase 2 106, Phase 1/2 25, Phase 1 68) 2022: 1,805 trials (Observational 496, Not applicable 1,005, Phase 4 69, Phase 3 60, Phase 2/3 20, Phase 2 83, Phase 1/2 22, Phase 1 50) 2023: 1,882 trials (Observational 530, Not applicable 1,011, Phase 4 79, Phase 3 74, Phase 2/3 17, Phase 2 68, Phase 1/2 27, Phase 1 76) 2024: 1,871 trials (Observational 484, Not applicable 1,054, Phase 4 78, Phase 3 62, Phase 2/3 11, Phase 2 76, Phase 1/2 33, Phase 1 73) 2025: 1,845 trials (Other 1, Observational 466, Not applicable 1,031, Phase 4 70, Phase 3 50, Phase 2/3 14, Phase 2 87, Phase 1/2 28, Phase 1 98)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 1,586
2025 1,845
2024 1,871
2023 1,882
2022 1,805
2021 1,815
2020 1,426
2019 1,536
2018 1,406
2017 1,187

Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 2,000 trials starting in 2026 and about 1,900 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 10 percent and ran about 4 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 25 percent and ran about 15 percent low against the count later registered, and had about 7 percent more error than repeating last year's count. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. A stricter check that trains only on older years did not support adding planned starts for conditions of this size: it ran about 6 percent high against the count later registered. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 36 months from start to primary completion across 2,160 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 19 months across 17,336 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Musculoskeletal Diseases trials in? (10)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 1,375
Phase 1/2 515
Phase 2 2,160
Phase 2/3 357
Phase 3 2,123
Phase 4 1,905
Not applicable 12,221
Observational 7,279
Expanded access 36
Unknown 4

How many Musculoskeletal Diseases trials are recruiting? (13)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 1,314
Recruiting 2,836
Enrolling by invitation 326
Active, not recruiting 1,020
Available 8

Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Musculoskeletal Diseases trials? (7)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
Pfizer 278
Hoffmann-La Roche 240
Novartis Pharmaceuticals 194
Zimmer Biomet 174
Amgen 164

Which drugs are being tested for Musculoskeletal Diseases? (2)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
DENOSUMAB 127
INFLIXIMAB 104

Interventions as named in the registry (13)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
HD- Methotrexate (MTX) 331
Exercise 238
Adalimumab-US 198
1=Etanercept 183
[PRP] platelet rich plasma 153

These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Musculoskeletal Diseases trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Pneumonia 5,368 648
Osteoarthritis 3,908 407
Myocardial infarction 1,766 321
Invasive cancer of any type 1,617 1
Atrial fibrillation 1,498 314

Which publications cover Musculoskeletal Diseases? (1,009)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Sub-conditions in MeSH (11)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

+1 more sub-condition

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.

Browse all condition evidence pages