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Condition (MeSH)

Genetic Diseases, Inborn

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 16,987 trials for Genetic Diseases, Inborn or a narrower condition beneath it. Pfizer has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 197.

MeSH D030342 Congenital / Hereditary / Neonatal C16
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Phase 1 Phase 1 1,628 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 963 Phase 2 Phase 2 2,413 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 342 Phase 3 Phase 3 1,774 Phase 4 Phase 4 802 Not applicable Not applicable 3,634 Observational Observational 5,313 Phase 1 Phase 1 1,628 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 963 Phase 2 Phase 2 2,413 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 342 Phase 3 Phase 3 1,774 Phase 4 Phase 4 802 Not applicable Not applicable 3,634 Observational Observational 5,313

Trials per phase

1 more section with rows

570 of the 16,987 trials are tagged with Genetic Diseases, Inborn itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

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When did Genetic Diseases, Inborn trials start? (37)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 45 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational
  • Other (Expanded access)

Top of scale: 1,046

1990: 10 trials (Observational 5, Not applicable 1, Phase 3 1, Phase 2 2, Phase 1/2 1) 1991: 8 trials (Observational 4, Phase 3 1, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 2) 1992: 25 trials (Observational 8, Not applicable 1, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 4, Phase 2 5, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 2) 1993: 24 trials (Observational 10, Not applicable 1, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 3, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 5) 1994: 25 trials (Observational 11, Not applicable 3, Phase 3 3, Phase 2 6, Phase 1 2) 1995: 48 trials (Observational 21, Not applicable 7, Phase 3 4, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 7, Phase 1 8) 1996: 31 trials (Observational 11, Not applicable 6, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 5, Phase 2 7, Phase 1/2 1) 1997: 30 trials (Observational 12, Not applicable 5, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 3, Phase 2 4, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 3) 1998: 47 trials (Observational 14, Not applicable 8, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 4, Phase 2 7, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 12) 1999: 81 trials (Observational 29, Not applicable 9, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 8, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 19, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 9) 2000: 103 trials (Observational 34, Not applicable 13, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 14, Phase 2/3 7, Phase 2 17, Phase 1/2 6, Phase 1 9) 2001: 131 trials (Observational 47, Not applicable 9, Phase 4 11, Phase 3 14, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 25, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 13) 2002: 118 trials (Observational 36, Not applicable 13, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 26, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 13) 2003: 146 trials (Other 1, Observational 35, Not applicable 19, Phase 4 12, Phase 3 17, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 33, Phase 1/2 10, Phase 1 9) 2004: 220 trials (Observational 64, Not applicable 22, Phase 4 25, Phase 3 33, Phase 2/3 7, Phase 2 36, Phase 1/2 11, Phase 1 22) 2005: 276 trials (Observational 80, Not applicable 28, Phase 4 30, Phase 3 43, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 51, Phase 1/2 11, Phase 1 28) 2006: 325 trials (Other 1, Observational 82, Not applicable 45, Phase 4 27, Phase 3 54, Phase 2/3 9, Phase 2 63, Phase 1/2 14, Phase 1 30) 2007: 349 trials (Observational 110, Not applicable 43, Phase 4 31, Phase 3 49, Phase 2/3 12, Phase 2 56, Phase 1/2 26, Phase 1 22) 2008: 401 trials (Observational 101, Not applicable 58, Phase 4 33, Phase 3 59, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 70, Phase 1/2 25, Phase 1 45) 2009: 506 trials (Observational 135, Not applicable 75, Phase 4 35, Phase 3 63, Phase 2/3 17, Phase 2 92, Phase 1/2 19, Phase 1 70) 2010: 503 trials (Observational 144, Not applicable 89, Phase 4 35, Phase 3 58, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 89, Phase 1/2 31, Phase 1 47) 2011: 536 trials (Observational 151, Not applicable 97, Phase 4 23, Phase 3 76, Phase 2/3 12, Phase 2 90, Phase 1/2 36, Phase 1 51) 2012: 611 trials (Observational 190, Not applicable 123, Phase 4 32, Phase 3 57, Phase 2/3 18, Phase 2 87, Phase 1/2 29, Phase 1 75) 2013: 584 trials (Observational 201, Not applicable 111, Phase 4 25, Phase 3 64, Phase 2/3 8, Phase 2 88, Phase 1/2 43, Phase 1 44) 2014: 693 trials (Observational 225, Not applicable 138, Phase 4 23, Phase 3 63, Phase 2/3 16, Phase 2 112, Phase 1/2 39, Phase 1 77) 2015: 744 trials (Observational 227, Not applicable 158, Phase 4 37, Phase 3 66, Phase 2/3 14, Phase 2 105, Phase 1/2 43, Phase 1 94) 2016: 723 trials (Observational 207, Not applicable 181, Phase 4 35, Phase 3 65, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 124, Phase 1/2 39, Phase 1 62) 2017: 760 trials (Observational 244, Not applicable 156, Phase 4 30, Phase 3 63, Phase 2/3 8, Phase 2 127, Phase 1/2 52, Phase 1 80) 2018: 949 trials (Observational 294, Not applicable 229, Phase 4 39, Phase 3 109, Phase 2/3 17, Phase 2 140, Phase 1/2 48, Phase 1 73) 2019: 931 trials (Observational 322, Not applicable 219, Phase 4 28, Phase 3 87, Phase 2/3 20, Phase 2 135, Phase 1/2 47, Phase 1 73) 2020: 866 trials (Observational 308, Not applicable 194, Phase 4 40, Phase 3 75, Phase 2/3 16, Phase 2 120, Phase 1/2 48, Phase 1 65) 2021: 1,046 trials (Observational 398, Not applicable 251, Phase 4 40, Phase 3 89, Phase 2/3 18, Phase 2 104, Phase 1/2 57, Phase 1 89) 2022: 966 trials (Observational 307, Not applicable 247, Phase 4 40, Phase 3 99, Phase 2/3 18, Phase 2 107, Phase 1/2 59, Phase 1 89) 2023: 1,000 trials (Observational 330, Not applicable 268, Phase 4 40, Phase 3 92, Phase 2/3 23, Phase 2 103, Phase 1/2 57, Phase 1 87) 2024: 1,035 trials (Observational 326, Not applicable 280, Phase 4 30, Phase 3 105, Phase 2/3 14, Phase 2 104, Phase 1/2 65, Phase 1 111) 2025: 935 trials (Observational 295, Not applicable 252, Phase 4 27, Phase 3 91, Phase 2/3 13, Phase 2 112, Phase 1/2 52, Phase 1 93)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 878
2025 935
2024 1,035
2023 1,000
2022 966
2021 1,046
2020 866
2019 931
2018 949
2017 760

Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 1,100 trials starting in 2026 and about 990 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 10 percent and ran about 4 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 25 percent and ran about 15 percent low against the count later registered, and had about 7 percent more error than repeating last year's count. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. A stricter check that trains only on older years did not support adding planned starts for conditions of this size: it ran about 6 percent high against the count later registered. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 36 months from start to primary completion across 1,450 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 23 months across 10,228 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Genetic Diseases, Inborn trials in? (9)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 1,628
Phase 1/2 963
Phase 2 2,413
Phase 2/3 342
Phase 3 1,774
Phase 4 802
Not applicable 3,634
Observational 5,313
Expanded access 118

How many Genetic Diseases, Inborn trials are recruiting? (13)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 632
Recruiting 2,260
Enrolling by invitation 216
Active, not recruiting 882
Available 40

Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Genetic Diseases, Inborn trials? (10)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
Pfizer 197
Novartis Pharmaceuticals 183
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 146
National Cancer Institute (NCI) 143
Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated 137

Which drugs are being tested for Genetic Diseases, Inborn? (6)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
Cytoxan 89
Sirolimus 81
Busulfan 63
Ivacaftor 53
IVA 46

Interventions as named in the registry (9)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
SQ Fludarabine 84
Dupilumab/Dupixent 78
HU - Hydroxyurea 75
somatropin AQ 65
Alemtuzumab s.c. 53

These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Genetic Diseases, Inborn trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Infective pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis 2,530 96
Pneumonia 2,096 486
Sickle cell anaemia with crisis 1,374 43
Pyrexia 905 283
Cardiac failure 895 69

Which publications cover Genetic Diseases, Inborn? (243)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Sub-conditions in MeSH (52)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.

Browse all condition evidence pages