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Condition (MeSH)

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 3,569 trials for Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 or a narrower condition beneath it. Novo Nordisk A/S has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 225.

MeSH D003922 Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases C18 C19 C20 Listed by Orphanet as a rare disease
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Phase 1 Phase 1 347 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 123 Phase 2 Phase 2 347 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 46 Phase 3 Phase 3 268 Phase 4 Phase 4 190 Not applicable Not applicable 1,466 Observational Observational 775 Phase 1 Phase 1 347 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 123 Phase 2 Phase 2 347 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 46 Phase 3 Phase 3 268 Phase 4 Phase 4 190 Not applicable Not applicable 1,466 Observational Observational 775

Trials per phase (log scale)

1 more section with rows

3,559 of the 3,569 trials are tagged with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

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The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 trials start? (35)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 8 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational
  • Other (Expanded access)

Top of scale: 212

1990: 2 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1) 1993: 1 trials (Observational 1) 1994: 3 trials (Observational 2, Phase 3 1) 1995: 4 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1, Phase 4 1, Phase 2 1) 1996: 2 trials (Observational 1, Phase 2 1) 1997: 6 trials (Observational 1, Phase 3 3, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 1) 1998: 3 trials (Observational 1, Phase 3 2) 1999: 11 trials (Observational 3, Not applicable 1, Phase 3 3, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 1, Phase 1 1) 2000: 18 trials (Not applicable 2, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 3, Phase 2 9, Phase 1/2 3) 2001: 27 trials (Observational 4, Not applicable 5, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 6, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 5) 2002: 43 trials (Observational 4, Not applicable 4, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 16, Phase 2 7, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 3) 2003: 43 trials (Observational 5, Not applicable 5, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 9, Phase 2 5, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 6) 2004: 45 trials (Observational 13, Not applicable 4, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 9, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 6) 2005: 72 trials (Observational 16, Not applicable 16, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 10, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 7, Phase 1/2 6, Phase 1 6) 2006: 86 trials (Observational 18, Not applicable 21, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 11, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 12, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 7) 2007: 93 trials (Observational 22, Not applicable 22, Phase 4 13, Phase 3 13, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 8) 2008: 107 trials (Other 1, Observational 29, Not applicable 27, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 12, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 17, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 13) 2009: 112 trials (Observational 25, Not applicable 31, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 12, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 10, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 16) 2010: 117 trials (Observational 15, Not applicable 32, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 17, Phase 1/2 6, Phase 1 23) 2011: 124 trials (Observational 25, Not applicable 48, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 10, Phase 2 11, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 16) 2012: 159 trials (Observational 34, Not applicable 45, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 18, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 19, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 26) 2013: 158 trials (Observational 31, Not applicable 60, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 17, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 23) 2014: 155 trials (Observational 24, Not applicable 72, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 10, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 16, Phase 1/2 6, Phase 1 18) 2015: 154 trials (Observational 24, Not applicable 58, Phase 4 4, Phase 3 11, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 26, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 24) 2016: 164 trials (Observational 32, Not applicable 70, Phase 4 11, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 21, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 16) 2017: 148 trials (Observational 22, Not applicable 68, Phase 4 10, Phase 3 10, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 12, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 18) 2018: 175 trials (Observational 39, Not applicable 89, Phase 4 6, Phase 3 8, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 11, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 17) 2019: 212 trials (Observational 34, Not applicable 113, Phase 4 10, Phase 3 11, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 17, Phase 1/2 10, Phase 1 14) 2020: 161 trials (Observational 52, Not applicable 73, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 4, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 10, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 13) 2021: 194 trials (Observational 52, Not applicable 99, Phase 4 10, Phase 3 5, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 15, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 9) 2022: 186 trials (Observational 49, Not applicable 92, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 8, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 9, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 16) 2023: 187 trials (Observational 49, Not applicable 96, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 3, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 20, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 7) 2024: 189 trials (Observational 48, Not applicable 107, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 4, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 7, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 10) 2025: 207 trials (Observational 58, Not applicable 103, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 11, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 14)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 166
2025 207
2024 189
2023 187
2022 186
2021 194
2020 161
2019 212
2018 175
2017 148

Showing 10 of 35 earlier years.

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Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 190 trials starting in 2026 and about 200 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 13 percent and ran about 12 percent low against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 19 percent and ran about 17 percent low against the count later registered, and had about the same error as repeating last year's count. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 36 months from start to primary completion across 283 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 17 months across 2,472 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 trials in? (9)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 347
Phase 1/2 123
Phase 2 347
Phase 2/3 46
Phase 3 268
Phase 4 190
Not applicable 1,466
Observational 775
Expanded access 7

How many Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 trials are recruiting? (11)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 127
Recruiting 339
Enrolling by invitation 22
Active, not recruiting 122
Completed 2,303

Showing 5 of 11 statuses.

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Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 trials? (5)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
Novo Nordisk A/S 225
Eli Lilly and Company 72
Sanofi 61
Medtronic MiniMed, Inc. 55
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) 40

Which drugs are being tested for Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1? (6)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
Insulin Aspart 135
Insulin LISPRO 90
LIRAGLUTIDE 33
Pramlintide 22
HUMAN INSULIN (BIOSYNTHETIC) 20

Showing 5 of 6 drugs.

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Interventions as named in the registry (9)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
Glargine Insulin 142
Detemir insulin 64
Degludec insulin 56
r-glucagon 33
Glulisine Insulin 25

Showing 5 of 9 interventions.

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These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Surgical and medical procedures 11,813 2
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) 5,172 1
Investigations 3,742 1
Infections and infestations 3,327 2
Cardiac disorders 3,216 1

Showing 5 of 10 adverse events.

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Which publications cover Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1? (5,135)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Publications
Publication Journal Year Major topic
One-year effectiveness and safety in young children aged 2-6 years with type 1 diabetes using an automated insulin delivery system: A real-world prospective cohort study. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2026 Yes
Safety and pharmacokinetics of teplizumab in children less than 8 years of age with stage 2 type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2026 Yes
Effectiveness of video consultations in type 1 diabetes patients treated with insulin pumps in the outpatient clinic: a randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia 2026 Yes
Pancreatic polypeptide in patients with type 1 diabetes and exocrine failure or chronic pancreatitis. The DIAPP study. Diabetes & metabolism 2026 Yes
Corneal Immune Cells and Their Relation to Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy and Neuropathic Pain. Muscle & nerve 2026 Yes

Showing 5 of 5,135 publications.

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Sub-conditions in MeSH (1)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.

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