Skip to content
Pharma Observatory a Scientist.com platform

Condition (MeSH)

Immune System Diseases

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 47,330 trials for Immune System Diseases or a narrower condition beneath it. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 1,363.

MeSH D007154 Immune System Diseases C20
Email me this page as a PDF

Search trials, drugs, companies and investigators, and follow each one to the others. Individual plan, $249/seat/mo. Card required.

Phase 1 Phase 1 6,713 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 2,679 Phase 2 Phase 2 8,967 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 664 Phase 3 Phase 3 4,903 Phase 4 Phase 4 2,854 Not applicable Not applicable 10,119 Observational Observational 10,265 Phase 1 Phase 1 6,713 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 2,679 Phase 2 Phase 2 8,967 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 664 Phase 3 Phase 3 4,903 Phase 4 Phase 4 2,854 Not applicable Not applicable 10,119 Observational Observational 10,265

Trials per phase

2 more sections with rows

423 of the 47,330 trials are tagged with Immune System Diseases itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

Get the Immune System Diseases report as a PDF

The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Immune System Diseases trials start? (37)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 105 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational
  • Other (Expanded access, Unknown)

Top of scale: 2,439

1990: 30 trials (Observational 11, Not applicable 3, Phase 3 3, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 10, Phase 1 2) 1991: 28 trials (Observational 9, Not applicable 2, Phase 3 5, Phase 2 10, Phase 1 2) 1992: 39 trials (Observational 17, Not applicable 2, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 7, Phase 2 7, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 2) 1993: 44 trials (Observational 15, Not applicable 3, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 10, Phase 2 12, Phase 1 2) 1994: 70 trials (Observational 21, Not applicable 9, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 13, Phase 1 7) 1995: 104 trials (Observational 21, Not applicable 7, Phase 4 4, Phase 3 20, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 28, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 14) 1996: 124 trials (Observational 29, Not applicable 8, Phase 4 6, Phase 3 24, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 38, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 16) 1997: 171 trials (Other 1, Observational 25, Not applicable 13, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 40, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 47, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 30) 1998: 216 trials (Observational 34, Not applicable 14, Phase 4 11, Phase 3 33, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 74, Phase 1/2 11, Phase 1 37) 1999: 314 trials (Observational 51, Not applicable 20, Phase 4 11, Phase 3 49, Phase 2/3 7, Phase 2 108, Phase 1/2 14, Phase 1 54) 2000: 375 trials (Other 1, Observational 61, Not applicable 39, Phase 4 18, Phase 3 77, Phase 2/3 7, Phase 2 117, Phase 1/2 22, Phase 1 33) 2001: 424 trials (Other 1, Observational 62, Not applicable 58, Phase 4 22, Phase 3 84, Phase 2/3 13, Phase 2 106, Phase 1/2 28, Phase 1 50) 2002: 618 trials (Other 1, Observational 86, Not applicable 56, Phase 4 64, Phase 3 124, Phase 2/3 12, Phase 2 184, Phase 1/2 37, Phase 1 54) 2003: 757 trials (Other 1, Observational 91, Not applicable 101, Phase 4 99, Phase 3 150, Phase 2/3 13, Phase 2 177, Phase 1/2 52, Phase 1 73) 2004: 968 trials (Other 2, Observational 138, Not applicable 102, Phase 4 119, Phase 3 165, Phase 2/3 30, Phase 2 251, Phase 1/2 49, Phase 1 112) 2005: 1,192 trials (Other 1, Observational 200, Not applicable 124, Phase 4 120, Phase 3 197, Phase 2/3 21, Phase 2 314, Phase 1/2 72, Phase 1 143) 2006: 1,300 trials (Observational 201, Not applicable 147, Phase 4 133, Phase 3 202, Phase 2/3 26, Phase 2 330, Phase 1/2 95, Phase 1 166) 2007: 1,441 trials (Other 2, Observational 255, Not applicable 159, Phase 4 151, Phase 3 216, Phase 2/3 29, Phase 2 328, Phase 1/2 82, Phase 1 219) 2008: 1,524 trials (Other 1, Observational 288, Not applicable 215, Phase 4 135, Phase 3 177, Phase 2/3 27, Phase 2 370, Phase 1/2 90, Phase 1 221) 2009: 1,630 trials (Other 4, Observational 350, Not applicable 231, Phase 4 151, Phase 3 177, Phase 2/3 27, Phase 2 384, Phase 1/2 91, Phase 1 215) 2010: 1,668 trials (Observational 330, Not applicable 232, Phase 4 141, Phase 3 182, Phase 2/3 28, Phase 2 369, Phase 1/2 116, Phase 1 270) 2011: 1,646 trials (Observational 369, Not applicable 262, Phase 4 126, Phase 3 202, Phase 2/3 25, Phase 2 321, Phase 1/2 99, Phase 1 242) 2012: 1,715 trials (Other 1, Observational 393, Not applicable 309, Phase 4 96, Phase 3 206, Phase 2/3 23, Phase 2 360, Phase 1/2 101, Phase 1 226) 2013: 1,594 trials (Other 1, Observational 306, Not applicable 347, Phase 4 122, Phase 3 183, Phase 2/3 25, Phase 2 287, Phase 1/2 92, Phase 1 231) 2014: 1,680 trials (Other 1, Observational 325, Not applicable 393, Phase 4 101, Phase 3 196, Phase 2/3 20, Phase 2 265, Phase 1/2 116, Phase 1 263) 2015: 1,762 trials (Observational 371, Not applicable 376, Phase 4 112, Phase 3 174, Phase 2/3 23, Phase 2 346, Phase 1/2 99, Phase 1 261) 2016: 1,826 trials (Observational 379, Not applicable 423, Phase 4 114, Phase 3 153, Phase 2/3 36, Phase 2 329, Phase 1/2 112, Phase 1 280) 2017: 1,932 trials (Observational 448, Not applicable 493, Phase 4 89, Phase 3 157, Phase 2/3 23, Phase 2 304, Phase 1/2 128, Phase 1 290) 2018: 2,023 trials (Observational 488, Not applicable 522, Phase 4 93, Phase 3 184, Phase 2/3 14, Phase 2 323, Phase 1/2 114, Phase 1 285) 2019: 2,174 trials (Observational 533, Not applicable 584, Phase 4 103, Phase 3 165, Phase 2/3 23, Phase 2 339, Phase 1/2 115, Phase 1 312) 2020: 2,027 trials (Observational 602, Not applicable 495, Phase 4 101, Phase 3 126, Phase 2/3 24, Phase 2 312, Phase 1/2 93, Phase 1 274) 2021: 2,439 trials (Observational 688, Not applicable 620, Phase 4 115, Phase 3 173, Phase 2/3 28, Phase 2 372, Phase 1/2 125, Phase 1 318) 2022: 2,390 trials (Observational 626, Not applicable 682, Phase 4 98, Phase 3 189, Phase 2/3 33, Phase 2 326, Phase 1/2 133, Phase 1 303) 2023: 2,403 trials (Observational 642, Not applicable 721, Phase 4 86, Phase 3 168, Phase 2/3 24, Phase 2 342, Phase 1/2 136, Phase 1 284) 2024: 2,429 trials (Observational 616, Not applicable 718, Phase 4 101, Phase 3 173, Phase 2/3 23, Phase 2 347, Phase 1/2 127, Phase 1 324) 2025: 2,424 trials (Observational 573, Not applicable 654, Phase 4 80, Phase 3 160, Phase 2/3 34, Phase 2 417, Phase 1/2 140, Phase 1 366)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 2,214
2025 2,424
2024 2,429
2023 2,403
2022 2,390
2021 2,439
2020 2,027
2019 2,174
2018 2,023
2017 1,932

Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 2,800 trials starting in 2026 and about 2,500 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 10 percent and ran about 4 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 25 percent and ran about 15 percent low against the count later registered, and had about 7 percent more error than repeating last year's count. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. A stricter check that trains only on older years did not support adding planned starts for conditions of this size: it ran about 6 percent high against the count later registered. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 36 months from start to primary completion across 4,337 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 25 months across 29,152 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Immune System Diseases trials in? (10)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 6,713
Phase 1/2 2,679
Phase 2 8,967
Phase 2/3 664
Phase 3 4,903
Phase 4 2,854
Not applicable 10,119
Observational 10,265
Expanded access 164
Unknown 2

How many Immune System Diseases trials are recruiting? (13)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 1,796
Recruiting 5,162
Enrolling by invitation 299
Active, not recruiting 2,170
Available 39

Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Immune System Diseases trials? (9)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 1,363
National Cancer Institute (NCI) 714
GlaxoSmithKline 634
Novartis Pharmaceuticals 533
AstraZeneca 518

Which drugs are being tested for Immune System Diseases? (4)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
Cytoxan 1,533
RITUXIMAB 1,477
Prednisone 642
Melphalan 409

Interventions as named in the registry (11)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
Dexamethasone/Dexamethasone acetate 1,159
SQ Fludarabine 791
HD- Methotrexate (MTX) 735
X: Lenalidomide 698
Vincristina 594

These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Immune System Diseases trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Pneumonia 16,663 2,037
Surgical and medical procedures 11,837 5
Febrile neutropenia 7,426 969
Invasive cancer of any type 6,468 2
Pyrexia 5,898 1,126

Which publications cover Immune System Diseases? (162)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Sub-conditions in MeSH (11)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.

Browse all condition evidence pages