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Condition (MeSH)

Virus Diseases

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 26,255 trials for Virus Diseases or a narrower condition beneath it. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 1,519.

MeSH D014777 Infections C01
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Phase 1 Phase 1 3,368 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 995 Phase 2 Phase 2 3,773 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 545 Phase 3 Phase 3 3,030 Phase 4 Phase 4 2,123 Not applicable Not applicable 5,481 Observational Observational 6,866 Phase 1 Phase 1 3,368 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 995 Phase 2 Phase 2 3,773 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 545 Phase 3 Phase 3 3,030 Phase 4 Phase 4 2,123 Not applicable Not applicable 5,481 Observational Observational 6,866

Trials per phase

2 more sections with rows

654 of the 26,255 trials are tagged with Virus Diseases itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

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The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Virus Diseases trials start? (37)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 36 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational
  • Other (Expanded access, Unknown)

Top of scale: 4,456

1990: 9 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1, Phase 3 2, Phase 2 5) 1991: 6 trials (Observational 1, Phase 3 2, Phase 2 3) 1992: 25 trials (Observational 9, Not applicable 1, Phase 3 5, Phase 2 7, Phase 1 3) 1993: 14 trials (Observational 4, Phase 3 2, Phase 2 7, Phase 1 1) 1994: 23 trials (Observational 9, Not applicable 3, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 1, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 2, Phase 1 5) 1995: 36 trials (Observational 6, Not applicable 2, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 6, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 9, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 6) 1996: 41 trials (Observational 13, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 5, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 11, Phase 1 9) 1997: 82 trials (Observational 14, Not applicable 6, Phase 3 21, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 15, Phase 1/2 6, Phase 1 18) 1998: 86 trials (Observational 13, Not applicable 5, Phase 4 4, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 28, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 21) 1999: 149 trials (Observational 21, Not applicable 12, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 29, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 33, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 37) 2000: 155 trials (Other 1, Observational 27, Not applicable 11, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 39, Phase 2 38, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 26) 2001: 176 trials (Other 1, Observational 30, Not applicable 20, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 35, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 52, Phase 1/2 9, Phase 1 17) 2002: 259 trials (Other 1, Observational 43, Not applicable 28, Phase 4 32, Phase 3 59, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 56, Phase 1/2 9, Phase 1 26) 2003: 341 trials (Other 2, Observational 51, Not applicable 41, Phase 4 55, Phase 3 67, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 66, Phase 1/2 21, Phase 1 34) 2004: 443 trials (Other 2, Observational 71, Not applicable 49, Phase 4 72, Phase 3 82, Phase 2/3 11, Phase 2 87, Phase 1/2 16, Phase 1 53) 2005: 578 trials (Observational 103, Not applicable 62, Phase 4 91, Phase 3 104, Phase 2/3 7, Phase 2 118, Phase 1/2 27, Phase 1 66) 2006: 629 trials (Other 1, Observational 93, Not applicable 63, Phase 4 80, Phase 3 129, Phase 2/3 12, Phase 2 124, Phase 1/2 32, Phase 1 95) 2007: 686 trials (Other 1, Observational 119, Not applicable 82, Phase 4 90, Phase 3 120, Phase 2/3 13, Phase 2 135, Phase 1/2 28, Phase 1 98) 2008: 676 trials (Observational 125, Not applicable 94, Phase 4 104, Phase 3 105, Phase 2/3 9, Phase 2 108, Phase 1/2 27, Phase 1 104) 2009: 863 trials (Other 1, Observational 167, Not applicable 108, Phase 4 115, Phase 3 98, Phase 2/3 17, Phase 2 197, Phase 1/2 32, Phase 1 128) 2010: 737 trials (Observational 159, Not applicable 90, Phase 4 95, Phase 3 109, Phase 2/3 9, Phase 2 115, Phase 1/2 27, Phase 1 133) 2011: 710 trials (Observational 143, Not applicable 92, Phase 4 95, Phase 3 123, Phase 2/3 12, Phase 2 87, Phase 1/2 27, Phase 1 131) 2012: 676 trials (Other 1, Observational 141, Not applicable 100, Phase 4 71, Phase 3 135, Phase 2/3 11, Phase 2 79, Phase 1/2 35, Phase 1 103) 2013: 656 trials (Observational 120, Not applicable 106, Phase 4 92, Phase 3 98, Phase 2/3 12, Phase 2 96, Phase 1/2 25, Phase 1 107) 2014: 651 trials (Observational 118, Not applicable 99, Phase 4 61, Phase 3 100, Phase 2/3 20, Phase 2 95, Phase 1/2 33, Phase 1 125) 2015: 723 trials (Observational 149, Not applicable 115, Phase 4 102, Phase 3 93, Phase 2/3 12, Phase 2 110, Phase 1/2 24, Phase 1 118) 2016: 694 trials (Observational 147, Not applicable 157, Phase 4 77, Phase 3 83, Phase 2/3 14, Phase 2 92, Phase 1/2 21, Phase 1 103) 2017: 743 trials (Observational 171, Not applicable 183, Phase 4 89, Phase 3 70, Phase 2/3 8, Phase 2 85, Phase 1/2 29, Phase 1 108) 2018: 701 trials (Observational 164, Not applicable 167, Phase 4 85, Phase 3 52, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 90, Phase 1/2 29, Phase 1 104) 2019: 795 trials (Observational 193, Not applicable 217, Phase 4 66, Phase 3 70, Phase 2/3 8, Phase 2 91, Phase 1/2 30, Phase 1 120) 2020: 4,456 trials (Observational 1,953, Not applicable 860, Phase 4 160, Phase 3 382, Phase 2/3 139, Phase 2 544, Phase 1/2 144, Phase 1 274) 2021: 2,854 trials (Observational 982, Not applicable 736, Phase 4 163, Phase 3 233, Phase 2/3 95, Phase 2 331, Phase 1/2 104, Phase 1 210) 2022: 1,785 trials (Observational 555, Not applicable 525, Phase 4 79, Phase 3 136, Phase 2/3 44, Phase 2 184, Phase 1/2 63, Phase 1 199) 2023: 1,255 trials (Observational 332, Not applicable 393, Phase 4 62, Phase 3 95, Phase 2/3 23, Phase 2 160, Phase 1/2 48, Phase 1 142) 2024: 873 trials (Observational 219, Not applicable 300, Phase 4 42, Phase 3 63, Phase 2/3 7, Phase 2 92, Phase 1/2 43, Phase 1 107) 2025: 751 trials (Observational 176, Not applicable 218, Phase 4 47, Phase 3 62, Phase 2/3 16, Phase 2 89, Phase 1/2 38, Phase 1 105)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 594
2025 751
2024 873
2023 1,255
2022 1,785
2021 2,854
2020 4,456
2019 795
2018 701
2017 743

Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 760 trials starting in 2026 and about 750 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 10 percent and ran about 4 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 25 percent and ran about 15 percent low against the count later registered, and had about 7 percent more error than repeating last year's count. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. A stricter check that trains only on older years did not support adding planned starts for conditions of this size: it ran about 6 percent high against the count later registered. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 33 months from start to primary completion across 1,498 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 15 months across 17,273 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Virus Diseases trials in? (10)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 3,368
Phase 1/2 995
Phase 2 3,773
Phase 2/3 545
Phase 3 3,030
Phase 4 2,123
Not applicable 5,481
Observational 6,866
Expanded access 73
Unknown 1

How many Virus Diseases trials are recruiting? (12)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 521
Recruiting 1,343
Enrolling by invitation 105
Active, not recruiting 732
Available 13

Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Virus Diseases trials? (11)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 1,519
GlaxoSmithKline 747
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC 405
Gilead Sciences 264
Sanofi Pasteur, a Sanofi Company 254

Which drugs are being tested for Virus Diseases? (8)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
Zidovudine 279
PEGinterferon alfa-2a 249
Cytoxan 246
LAMIVUDINE 223
Entecavir 153

Interventions as named in the registry (7)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
Ribavirine 580
Ritonavir (RTV) low 228
tenofovir disproxil fumarate 186
Hydroxychloroquin 145
SQ Fludarabine 129

These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Virus Diseases trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Pneumonia 8,468 934
Respiratory insufficiency 4,507 2
Gastroenteritis 3,633 511
Death 3,138 285
Respiratory failure 2,768 312

Which publications cover Virus Diseases? (581)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Sub-conditions in MeSH (14)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

+4 more sub-conditions

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.

Browse all condition evidence pages