Condition (MeSH)
Infections
ClinicalTrials.gov lists 46,234 trials for Infections or a narrower condition beneath it. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 1,907.
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Trials per phase
2 more sections with rows
2,086 of the 46,234 trials are tagged with Infections itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.
When did Infections trials start? (37)
Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 83 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.
Trials over time, by phase
- Phase 1
- Phase 1/2
- Phase 2
- Phase 2/3
- Phase 3
- Phase 4
- Not applicable
- Observational
- Other (Expanded access, Unknown)
Top of scale: 5,372
Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.
| Year | Trials started |
|---|---|
| 2026 (partial year) | 1,628 |
| 2025 | 1,754 |
| 2024 | 2,053 |
| 2023 | 2,398 |
| 2022 | 2,814 |
| 2021 | 3,912 |
| 2020 | 5,372 |
| 2019 | 1,920 |
| 2018 | 1,698 |
| 2017 | 1,676 |
Showing 10 of 37 earlier years.
Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 2,000 trials starting in 2026 and about 1,800 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 10 percent and ran about 4 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 25 percent and ran about 15 percent low against the count later registered, and had about 7 percent more error than repeating last year's count. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. A stricter check that trains only on older years did not support adding planned starts for conditions of this size: it ran about 6 percent high against the count later registered. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.
Prediction, not a registry value: median of 35 months from start to primary completion across 2,740 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 16 months across 29,984 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.
What phase are Infections trials in? (10)
Shown in this order: phase order.
Show the trials by phase as a table
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Phase 1 | 4,891 |
| Phase 1/2 | 1,381 |
| Phase 2 | 5,681 |
| Phase 2/3 | 914 |
| Phase 3 | 5,192 |
| Phase 4 | 4,087 |
| Not applicable | 11,228 |
| Observational | 12,757 |
| Expanded access | 96 |
| Unknown | 7 |
How many Infections trials are recruiting? (13)
Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.
| Status | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not yet recruiting | 1,426 |
| Recruiting | 3,103 |
| Enrolling by invitation | 226 |
| Active, not recruiting | 1,203 |
| Available | 20 |
Showing 5 of 13 statuses.
Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.
Which lead sponsors run the most Infections trials? (10)
Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.
| Sponsor | Trials |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) | 1,907 |
| GlaxoSmithKline | 1,185 |
| Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | 536 |
| Pfizer | 452 |
| Sanofi Pasteur, a Sanofi Company | 339 |
Showing 5 of 10 sponsors.
Which drugs are being tested for Infections? (6)
Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.
| Drug | Trials |
|---|---|
| Zidovudine | 279 |
| Cytoxan | 257 |
| PEGinterferon alfa-2a | 249 |
| LAMIVUDINE | 223 |
| Entecavir | 154 |
Showing 5 of 6 drugs.
Interventions as named in the registry (9)
Shown in this order: most trials first.
| Drug | Trials |
|---|---|
| Ribavirine | 587 |
| Ritonavir (RTV) low | 229 |
| 1% Azithromycin | 207 |
| tenofovir disproxil fumarate | 188 |
| Vancomycin 1.1% | 165 |
Showing 5 of 9 interventions.
These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.
Which serious adverse events do Infections trials report? (10)
Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.
| Adverse event | Subjects affected | Trials |
|---|---|---|
| Pneumonia | 13,958 | 1,411 |
| Death | 10,956 | 425 |
| Gastroenteritis | 7,276 | 718 |
| Hospitalization >24 hours after but within 30 days of ED visit | 6,637 | 1 |
| Invasive cancer of any type | 4,851 | 1 |
Showing 5 of 10 adverse events.
Which publications cover Infections? (1,160)
Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.
| Publication | Journal | Year | Major topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Effect of correcting iron deficiency on the risk of serious infection in heart failure: Insights from the IRONMAN trial. | European journal of heart failure | 2025 | Yes |
| Analysis of infection rates in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: Comparing satralizumab treatment in SAkuraMoon, post-marketing, and US-based health claims data. | Multiple sclerosis and related disorders | 2025 | Yes |
| Lentiviral Gene Therapy for Severe Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type 1. | The New England journal of medicine | 2025 | Yes |
| Infections and parameters of humoral immunity with talquetamab in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in MonumenTAL-1. | Blood advances | 2025 | Yes |
| Association Between Abatacept Exposure Levels and Infection Occurrence in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Post Hoc Analysis of the AVERT-2 Study. | The Journal of rheumatology | 2025 | Yes |
Showing 5 of 1,160 publications.
Sub-conditions in MeSH (41)
MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.
+31 more sub-conditions
Not on this page
Not measured: delivery record.
Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.