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Condition (MeSH)

Respiratory Tract Infections

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 14,662 trials for Respiratory Tract Infections or a narrower condition beneath it. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 326.

MeSH D012141 Infections C01 C08
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Phase 1 Phase 1 1,012 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 427 Phase 2 Phase 2 1,679 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 393 Phase 3 Phase 3 1,627 Phase 4 Phase 4 1,065 Not applicable Not applicable 3,645 Observational Observational 4,779 Phase 1 Phase 1 1,012 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 427 Phase 2 Phase 2 1,679 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 393 Phase 3 Phase 3 1,627 Phase 4 Phase 4 1,065 Not applicable Not applicable 3,645 Observational Observational 4,779

Trials per phase

2 more sections with rows

744 of the 14,662 trials are tagged with Respiratory Tract Infections itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

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The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Respiratory Tract Infections trials start? (36)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 10 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational
  • Other (Unknown)

Top of scale: 3,898

1990: 2 trials (Observational 2) 1991: 2 trials (Phase 3 1, Phase 2 1) 1992: 1 trials (Phase 3 1) 1993: 3 trials (Not applicable 1, Phase 3 2) 1994: 4 trials (Observational 2, Not applicable 1, Phase 2 1) 1995: 2 trials (Phase 3 2) 1997: 8 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 4, Phase 2 1) 1998: 13 trials (Observational 2, Not applicable 2, Phase 4 4, Phase 3 3, Phase 2 2) 1999: 10 trials (Observational 2, Not applicable 3, Phase 3 3, Phase 2 2) 2000: 14 trials (Observational 2, Not applicable 1, Phase 4 4, Phase 3 5, Phase 2 1, Phase 1/2 1) 2001: 36 trials (Observational 5, Not applicable 6, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 11, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 1) 2002: 51 trials (Observational 6, Not applicable 8, Phase 4 14, Phase 3 17, Phase 2 5, Phase 1/2 1) 2003: 82 trials (Observational 10, Not applicable 11, Phase 4 17, Phase 3 25, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 11, Phase 1/2 4) 2004: 103 trials (Observational 19, Not applicable 18, Phase 4 24, Phase 3 23, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 11, Phase 1 3) 2005: 176 trials (Observational 25, Not applicable 29, Phase 4 29, Phase 3 48, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 24, Phase 1/2 6, Phase 1 12) 2006: 226 trials (Observational 34, Not applicable 22, Phase 4 32, Phase 3 64, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 41, Phase 1/2 13, Phase 1 18) 2007: 231 trials (Observational 42, Not applicable 37, Phase 4 25, Phase 3 50, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 45, Phase 1/2 9, Phase 1 19) 2008: 233 trials (Observational 32, Not applicable 32, Phase 4 42, Phase 3 47, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 38, Phase 1/2 10, Phase 1 28) 2009: 355 trials (Observational 75, Not applicable 60, Phase 4 45, Phase 3 58, Phase 2/3 12, Phase 2 77, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 21) 2010: 300 trials (Observational 67, Not applicable 55, Phase 4 47, Phase 3 56, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 38, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 27) 2011: 271 trials (Observational 66, Not applicable 51, Phase 4 48, Phase 3 39, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 31, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 29) 2012: 290 trials (Observational 49, Not applicable 71, Phase 4 44, Phase 3 46, Phase 2/3 7, Phase 2 27, Phase 1/2 15, Phase 1 31) 2013: 304 trials (Observational 55, Not applicable 71, Phase 4 44, Phase 3 57, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 39, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 25) 2014: 285 trials (Observational 63, Not applicable 74, Phase 4 42, Phase 3 37, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 30, Phase 1/2 12, Phase 1 22) 2015: 285 trials (Observational 66, Not applicable 74, Phase 4 44, Phase 3 33, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 29, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 29) 2016: 315 trials (Observational 77, Not applicable 97, Phase 4 37, Phase 3 37, Phase 2/3 8, Phase 2 28, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 28) 2017: 296 trials (Other 2, Observational 102, Not applicable 80, Phase 4 34, Phase 3 30, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 19, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 19) 2018: 316 trials (Observational 91, Not applicable 106, Phase 4 31, Phase 3 30, Phase 2/3 7, Phase 2 23, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 23) 2019: 340 trials (Observational 119, Not applicable 92, Phase 4 36, Phase 3 34, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 27, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 20) 2020: 3,898 trials (Observational 1,780, Not applicable 737, Phase 4 106, Phase 3 350, Phase 2/3 136, Phase 2 482, Phase 1/2 118, Phase 1 189) 2021: 2,420 trials (Observational 903, Not applicable 626, Phase 4 127, Phase 3 202, Phase 2/3 87, Phase 2 258, Phase 1/2 81, Phase 1 136) 2022: 1,363 trials (Observational 465, Not applicable 418, Phase 4 40, Phase 3 105, Phase 2/3 43, Phase 2 129, Phase 1/2 41, Phase 1 122) 2023: 906 trials (Observational 256, Not applicable 319, Phase 4 43, Phase 3 61, Phase 2/3 23, Phase 2 108, Phase 1/2 20, Phase 1 76) 2024: 589 trials (Observational 158, Not applicable 232, Phase 4 32, Phase 3 52, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 53, Phase 1/2 19, Phase 1 38) 2025: 425 trials (Observational 108, Not applicable 147, Phase 4 30, Phase 3 34, Phase 2/3 10, Phase 2 40, Phase 1/2 11, Phase 1 45)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 357
2025 425
2024 589
2023 906
2022 1,363
2021 2,420
2020 3,898
2019 340
2018 316
2017 296

Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 460 trials starting in 2026 and about 460 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 10 percent and ran about 4 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 25 percent and ran about 15 percent low against the count later registered, and had about 7 percent more error than repeating last year's count. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. A stricter check that trains only on older years did not support adding planned starts for conditions of this size: it ran about 6 percent high against the count later registered. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 24 months from start to primary completion across 832 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 10 months across 9,888 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Respiratory Tract Infections trials in? (10)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 1,012
Phase 1/2 427
Phase 2 1,679
Phase 2/3 393
Phase 3 1,627
Phase 4 1,065
Not applicable 3,645
Observational 4,779
Expanded access 33
Unknown 2

How many Respiratory Tract Infections trials are recruiting? (12)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 311
Recruiting 704
Enrolling by invitation 59
Active, not recruiting 331
Available 3

Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Respiratory Tract Infections trials? (7)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 326
GlaxoSmithKline 318
Sanofi Pasteur, a Sanofi Company 177
Pfizer 155
Sanofi 69

Which drugs are being tested for Respiratory Tract Infections? (5)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
Oseltamivir 80
Remdesivir 72
BNT162B2 72
Ivermectin 55
AVIGAN 45

Interventions as named in the registry (10)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
Hydroxychloroquin 135
1% Azithromycin 91
Convalesscent Plasma 84
INFLUENZA VACCINE 70
Dexamethasone/Dexamethasone acetate 62

These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Respiratory Tract Infections trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Hospitalization >24 hours after but within 30 days of ED visit 6,637 1
Invasive cancer of any type 4,851 1
Pneumonia 4,666 415
Respiratory insufficiency 4,507 2
Preterm delivery 2,457 1

Which publications cover Respiratory Tract Infections? (1,470)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Sub-conditions in MeSH (22)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

+12 more sub-conditions

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.

Browse all condition evidence pages