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Condition (MeSH)

Protozoan Infections

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 1,845 trials for Protozoan Infections or a narrower condition beneath it. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 146.

MeSH D011528 Infections C01
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Phase 1 Phase 1 305 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 84 Phase 2 Phase 2 217 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 53 Phase 3 Phase 3 241 Phase 4 Phase 4 233 Not applicable Not applicable 351 Observational Observational 357 Phase 1 Phase 1 305 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 84 Phase 2 Phase 2 217 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 53 Phase 3 Phase 3 241 Phase 4 Phase 4 233 Not applicable Not applicable 351 Observational Observational 357

Trials per phase

2 more sections with rows

17 of the 1,845 trials are tagged with Protozoan Infections itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

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The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Protozoan Infections trials start? (32)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 6 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational
  • Other (Unknown)

Top of scale: 95

1993: 2 trials (Observational 1, Phase 4 1) 1995: 3 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1, Phase 2 1) 1997: 2 trials (Phase 2 1, Phase 1/2 1) 1998: 3 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1, Phase 2 1) 1999: 6 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1, Phase 3 1, Phase 2 1, Phase 1 2) 2000: 9 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 1, Phase 4 2, Phase 3 2, Phase 2 3) 2001: 11 trials (Observational 2, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 3, Phase 2 1, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 1) 2002: 27 trials (Observational 3, Not applicable 7, Phase 4 6, Phase 3 4, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 1) 2003: 41 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 8, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 12, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 5, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 3) 2004: 49 trials (Observational 4, Not applicable 7, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 4, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 7) 2005: 64 trials (Observational 7, Not applicable 9, Phase 4 13, Phase 3 7, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 11, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 11) 2006: 79 trials (Observational 16, Not applicable 11, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 13, Phase 2 14, Phase 1/2 7, Phase 1 9) 2007: 76 trials (Observational 10, Not applicable 10, Phase 4 14, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 11, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 12) 2008: 58 trials (Observational 11, Not applicable 10, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 7, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 7) 2009: 72 trials (Observational 13, Not applicable 10, Phase 4 14, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 6, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 16) 2010: 87 trials (Observational 21, Not applicable 15, Phase 4 10, Phase 3 14, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 12) 2011: 85 trials (Observational 11, Not applicable 15, Phase 4 17, Phase 3 11, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 13, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 12) 2012: 76 trials (Observational 8, Not applicable 19, Phase 4 13, Phase 3 8, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 4, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 16) 2013: 80 trials (Observational 15, Not applicable 15, Phase 4 12, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 10, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 12) 2014: 90 trials (Observational 9, Not applicable 21, Phase 4 15, Phase 3 11, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 20) 2015: 88 trials (Observational 22, Not applicable 15, Phase 4 6, Phase 3 7, Phase 2/3 5, Phase 2 6, Phase 1/2 6, Phase 1 21) 2016: 92 trials (Observational 20, Not applicable 14, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 12, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 20) 2017: 57 trials (Observational 11, Not applicable 10, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 9, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 10) 2018: 72 trials (Observational 20, Not applicable 14, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 8, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 16) 2019: 74 trials (Observational 19, Not applicable 14, Phase 4 6, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 4, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 6, Phase 1 8) 2020: 62 trials (Observational 21, Not applicable 14, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 6, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 11) 2021: 95 trials (Observational 27, Not applicable 21, Phase 4 6, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 10, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 11) 2022: 77 trials (Other 1, Observational 19, Not applicable 16, Phase 4 10, Phase 3 7, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 12) 2023: 73 trials (Observational 18, Not applicable 17, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 2, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 5, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 16) 2024: 64 trials (Observational 18, Not applicable 15, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 10, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 6, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 6) 2025: 70 trials (Observational 15, Not applicable 15, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 6, Phase 2 11, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 12)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 49
2025 70
2024 64
2023 73
2022 77
2021 95
2020 62
2019 74
2018 72
2017 57

Showing 10 of 32 earlier years.

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Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 61 trials starting in 2026 and about 60 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 15 percent and ran about 1 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 26 percent and ran about 20 percent low against the count later registered. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 35 months from start to primary completion across 80 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 17 months across 1,278 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Protozoan Infections trials in? (10)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 305
Phase 1/2 84
Phase 2 217
Phase 2/3 53
Phase 3 241
Phase 4 233
Not applicable 351
Observational 357
Expanded access 3
Unknown 1

How many Protozoan Infections trials are recruiting? (11)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 47
Recruiting 91
Enrolling by invitation 2
Active, not recruiting 35
Available 1

Showing 5 of 11 statuses.

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Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Protozoan Infections trials? (6)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 146
GlaxoSmithKline 55
U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command 53
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 37
Novartis Pharmaceuticals 30

Showing 5 of 6 sponsors.

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Which drugs are being tested for Protozoan Infections? (7)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
Chloroquine 67
Primaquine 67
Tafenoquine 27
Miltefosine 25
Coartem 21

Showing 5 of 7 drugs.

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Interventions as named in the registry (8)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
1. Artemether-Lumefantrine (AL) 89
Dihydroartemisinine-Piperaquine 81
Pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine 47
Artesunate 38
PfSPZ (7G8) Challenge 28

Showing 5 of 8 interventions.

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These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Protozoan Infections trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Malaria 1,968 31
Pneumonia 1,708 32
Gastroenteritis 1,360 25
Anaemia 1,050 18
Febrile convulsion 971 15

Showing 5 of 10 adverse events.

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Which publications cover Protozoan Infections? (15)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Publications
Publication Journal Year Major topic
Effects of Water, Sanitation, Handwashing, and Nutritional Interventions on Child Enteric Protozoan Infections in Rural Bangladesh: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2018 Yes
Intestinal helminths and protozoan infections in patients with colorectal cancer: prevalence and possible association with cancer pathogenesis. Parasitology research 2018 Yes
Risk factors for childhood enteric infection in urban Maputo, Mozambique: A cross-sectional study. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2018 Yes
Human pathogens associated with the blacklegged tick Ixodes scapularis: a systematic review. Parasites & vectors 2016 Yes
Diagnosis of Persistent Fever in the Tropics: Set of Standard Operating Procedures Used in the NIDIAG Febrile Syndrome Study. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2016 Yes

Showing 5 of 15 publications.

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Sub-conditions in MeSH (10)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.

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