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Condition (MeSH)

Signs and Symptoms

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 75,414 trials for Signs and Symptoms or a narrower condition beneath it. VA Office of Research and Development has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 360.

MeSH D012816 Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms C23
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Phase 1 Phase 1 2,948 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 948 Phase 2 Phase 2 4,739 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 885 Phase 3 Phase 3 4,657 Phase 4 Phase 4 5,475 Not applicable Not applicable 40,374 Observational Observational 15,322 Phase 1 Phase 1 2,948 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 948 Phase 2 Phase 2 4,739 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 885 Phase 3 Phase 3 4,657 Phase 4 Phase 4 5,475 Not applicable Not applicable 40,374 Observational Observational 15,322

Trials per phase (log scale)

2 more sections with rows

216 of the 75,414 trials are tagged with Signs and Symptoms itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

Get the Signs and Symptoms report as a PDF

The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Signs and Symptoms trials start? (37)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 198 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational
  • Other (Unknown)

Top of scale: 5,463

1990: 5 trials (Observational 5) 1991: 15 trials (Observational 9, Not applicable 1, Phase 3 4, Phase 2 1) 1992: 20 trials (Observational 11, Not applicable 3, Phase 3 5, Phase 2 1) 1993: 28 trials (Observational 9, Not applicable 5, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 8, Phase 2 5) 1994: 29 trials (Observational 9, Not applicable 7, Phase 3 6, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 4, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 1) 1995: 41 trials (Observational 16, Not applicable 8, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 10, Phase 2 5, Phase 1 1) 1996: 61 trials (Observational 20, Not applicable 11, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 13, Phase 2 7, Phase 1 3) 1997: 69 trials (Observational 20, Not applicable 11, Phase 4 6, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 6) 1998: 94 trials (Observational 23, Not applicable 21, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 21, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 16, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 4) 1999: 136 trials (Observational 40, Not applicable 20, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 31, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 30, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 3) 2000: 198 trials (Observational 44, Not applicable 40, Phase 4 23, Phase 3 37, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 34, Phase 1/2 8, Phase 1 11) 2001: 278 trials (Observational 71, Not applicable 64, Phase 4 24, Phase 3 63, Phase 2/3 6, Phase 2 40, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 6) 2002: 378 trials (Observational 48, Not applicable 100, Phase 4 49, Phase 3 95, Phase 2/3 9, Phase 2 49, Phase 1/2 12, Phase 1 16) 2003: 560 trials (Observational 79, Not applicable 138, Phase 4 88, Phase 3 109, Phase 2/3 19, Phase 2 83, Phase 1/2 20, Phase 1 24) 2004: 813 trials (Observational 104, Not applicable 238, Phase 4 112, Phase 3 159, Phase 2/3 16, Phase 2 124, Phase 1/2 16, Phase 1 44) 2005: 1,039 trials (Observational 182, Not applicable 306, Phase 4 132, Phase 3 170, Phase 2/3 23, Phase 2 145, Phase 1/2 25, Phase 1 56) 2006: 1,298 trials (Observational 229, Not applicable 366, Phase 4 155, Phase 3 232, Phase 2/3 28, Phase 2 177, Phase 1/2 27, Phase 1 84) 2007: 1,523 trials (Observational 275, Not applicable 466, Phase 4 192, Phase 3 224, Phase 2/3 34, Phase 2 206, Phase 1/2 33, Phase 1 93) 2008: 1,757 trials (Observational 332, Not applicable 586, Phase 4 225, Phase 3 223, Phase 2/3 52, Phase 2 178, Phase 1/2 36, Phase 1 125) 2009: 1,953 trials (Observational 386, Not applicable 703, Phase 4 248, Phase 3 203, Phase 2/3 31, Phase 2 230, Phase 1/2 35, Phase 1 117) 2010: 2,050 trials (Observational 438, Not applicable 808, Phase 4 233, Phase 3 184, Phase 2/3 39, Phase 2 190, Phase 1/2 42, Phase 1 116) 2011: 2,244 trials (Observational 455, Not applicable 902, Phase 4 252, Phase 3 247, Phase 2/3 43, Phase 2 184, Phase 1/2 40, Phase 1 121) 2012: 2,445 trials (Observational 492, Not applicable 1,082, Phase 4 242, Phase 3 212, Phase 2/3 26, Phase 2 237, Phase 1/2 36, Phase 1 118) 2013: 2,489 trials (Observational 464, Not applicable 1,196, Phase 4 248, Phase 3 194, Phase 2/3 27, Phase 2 192, Phase 1/2 55, Phase 1 113) 2014: 2,776 trials (Observational 540, Not applicable 1,397, Phase 4 288, Phase 3 149, Phase 2/3 41, Phase 2 190, Phase 1/2 41, Phase 1 130) 2015: 2,904 trials (Other 2, Observational 564, Not applicable 1,510, Phase 4 256, Phase 3 183, Phase 2/3 50, Phase 2 197, Phase 1/2 47, Phase 1 95) 2016: 3,266 trials (Other 5, Observational 705, Not applicable 1,761, Phase 4 277, Phase 3 186, Phase 2/3 41, Phase 2 161, Phase 1/2 32, Phase 1 98) 2017: 3,461 trials (Other 2, Observational 729, Not applicable 1,937, Phase 4 255, Phase 3 158, Phase 2/3 40, Phase 2 194, Phase 1/2 33, Phase 1 113) 2018: 3,904 trials (Other 1, Observational 876, Not applicable 2,270, Phase 4 232, Phase 3 155, Phase 2/3 27, Phase 2 189, Phase 1/2 37, Phase 1 117) 2019: 4,109 trials (Other 2, Observational 905, Not applicable 2,429, Phase 4 278, Phase 3 150, Phase 2/3 31, Phase 2 164, Phase 1/2 37, Phase 1 113) 2020: 3,779 trials (Other 2, Observational 911, Not applicable 2,165, Phase 4 204, Phase 3 138, Phase 2/3 31, Phase 2 164, Phase 1/2 38, Phase 1 126) 2021: 4,814 trials (Other 1, Observational 1,016, Not applicable 2,972, Phase 4 256, Phase 3 167, Phase 2/3 49, Phase 2 201, Phase 1/2 33, Phase 1 119) 2022: 5,075 trials (Other 2, Observational 1,066, Not applicable 3,196, Phase 4 237, Phase 3 166, Phase 2/3 48, Phase 2 180, Phase 1/2 32, Phase 1 148) 2023: 5,307 trials (Other 1, Observational 1,089, Not applicable 3,418, Phase 4 221, Phase 3 154, Phase 2/3 42, Phase 2 186, Phase 1/2 46, Phase 1 150) 2024: 5,404 trials (Other 2, Observational 1,093, Not applicable 3,427, Phase 4 213, Phase 3 154, Phase 2/3 45, Phase 2 213, Phase 1/2 50, Phase 1 207) 2025: 5,463 trials (Other 2, Observational 1,023, Not applicable 3,503, Phase 4 214, Phase 3 166, Phase 2/3 39, Phase 2 241, Phase 1/2 53, Phase 1 222)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 5,042
2025 5,463
2024 5,404
2023 5,307
2022 5,075
2021 4,814
2020 3,779
2019 4,109
2018 3,904
2017 3,461

Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 6,300 trials starting in 2026 and about 5,600 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 10 percent and ran about 4 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 25 percent and ran about 15 percent low against the count later registered, and had about 7 percent more error than repeating last year's count. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. A stricter check that trains only on older years did not support adding planned starts for conditions of this size: it ran about 6 percent high against the count later registered. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 34 months from start to primary completion across 6,401 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 16 months across 47,830 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Signs and Symptoms trials in? (10)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 2,948
Phase 1/2 948
Phase 2 4,739
Phase 2/3 885
Phase 3 4,657
Phase 4 5,475
Not applicable 40,374
Observational 15,322
Expanded access 44
Unknown 22

How many Signs and Symptoms trials are recruiting? (13)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 3,890
Recruiting 7,707
Enrolling by invitation 750
Active, not recruiting 2,240
Available 10

Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Signs and Symptoms trials? (1)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
VA Office of Research and Development 360

Which drugs are being tested for Signs and Symptoms? (6)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
+/- Bupivacaine HCl 550
DEXMEDETOMIDINE 422
PMI-150 (intranasal ketamine) 323
FENTANYL 292
Pregabalin 232

Interventions as named in the registry (9)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
A3: Acetaminophen (Tylenol caplets®, from Janssen-Cilag, S.A. de C.V.) 462
Exercise 459
Dexamethasone/Dexamethasone acetate 458
Control (placebo) group 390
L:Lidocaine 372

These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Signs and Symptoms trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Emergency Department visit within 90 days of index imaging 26,174 1
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events 6,762 1
Major Adverse Kidney Events 5,557 1
Pneumonia 4,342 699
Any SAE Report 2,676 1

Sub-conditions in MeSH (37)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

+27 more sub-conditions

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: publications, prevalence, and rare-disease identity.

Browse all condition evidence pages