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Condition (MeSH)

Spinal Diseases

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 3,224 trials for Spinal Diseases or a narrower condition beneath it. Novartis Pharmaceuticals has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 47.

MeSH D013122 Musculoskeletal Diseases C05
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Phase 1 Phase 1 80 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 40 Phase 2 Phase 2 153 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 28 Phase 3 Phase 3 253 Phase 4 Phase 4 245 Not applicable Not applicable 1,265 Observational Observational 1,157 Phase 1 Phase 1 80 Phase 1/2 Phase 1/2 40 Phase 2 Phase 2 153 Phase 2/3 Phase 2/3 28 Phase 3 Phase 3 253 Phase 4 Phase 4 245 Not applicable Not applicable 1,265 Observational Observational 1,157

Trials per phase (log scale)

1 more section with rows

171 of the 3,224 trials are tagged with Spinal Diseases itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.

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The PDF carries up to 50 rows of each section, where the page shows the first few, with the sources listed. Enter a work email and confirm it from the message we send, and the report follows by email.

When did Spinal Diseases trials start? (35)

Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 3 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.

Trials over time, by phase

  • Phase 1
  • Phase 1/2
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 2/3
  • Phase 3
  • Phase 4
  • Not applicable
  • Observational

Top of scale: 231

1991: 1 trials (Observational 1) 1993: 1 trials (Not applicable 1) 1994: 2 trials (Observational 2) 1995: 3 trials (Observational 2, Phase 2 1) 1996: 3 trials (Not applicable 1, Phase 3 1, Phase 2 1) 1997: 4 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 2, Phase 2 1) 1998: 6 trials (Observational 2, Not applicable 4) 1999: 7 trials (Observational 1, Not applicable 5, Phase 2 1) 2000: 13 trials (Observational 3, Not applicable 2, Phase 4 3, Phase 3 4, Phase 2 1) 2001: 7 trials (Observational 2, Not applicable 3, Phase 3 2) 2002: 22 trials (Observational 4, Not applicable 2, Phase 4 1, Phase 3 6, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 4, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 2) 2003: 24 trials (Observational 5, Not applicable 7, Phase 3 7, Phase 2 4, Phase 1 1) 2004: 31 trials (Observational 13, Not applicable 3, Phase 4 6, Phase 3 5, Phase 2 3, Phase 1 1) 2005: 38 trials (Observational 11, Not applicable 8, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 5, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 1) 2006: 50 trials (Observational 16, Not applicable 13, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 1, Phase 1 1) 2007: 62 trials (Observational 22, Not applicable 13, Phase 4 14, Phase 3 4, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 4) 2008: 69 trials (Observational 19, Not applicable 16, Phase 4 18, Phase 3 7, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 3, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 1) 2009: 79 trials (Observational 27, Not applicable 22, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 10, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 9, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 1) 2010: 89 trials (Observational 29, Not applicable 19, Phase 4 11, Phase 3 17, Phase 2 9, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 1) 2011: 82 trials (Observational 28, Not applicable 26, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 10, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 5, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 4) 2012: 95 trials (Observational 40, Not applicable 28, Phase 4 8, Phase 3 10, Phase 2 2, Phase 1/2 4, Phase 1 3) 2013: 98 trials (Observational 34, Not applicable 39, Phase 4 7, Phase 3 9, Phase 2 6, Phase 1/2 3) 2014: 117 trials (Observational 34, Not applicable 49, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 4, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 4) 2015: 133 trials (Observational 50, Not applicable 44, Phase 4 12, Phase 3 14, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 10, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 1) 2016: 144 trials (Observational 47, Not applicable 53, Phase 4 17, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 8, Phase 1 1) 2017: 139 trials (Observational 42, Not applicable 52, Phase 4 10, Phase 3 14, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 12, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 4) 2018: 184 trials (Observational 67, Not applicable 81, Phase 4 13, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 3, Phase 2 4, Phase 1 7) 2019: 211 trials (Observational 90, Not applicable 80, Phase 4 12, Phase 3 15, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 6, Phase 1 7) 2020: 187 trials (Observational 86, Not applicable 68, Phase 4 5, Phase 3 10, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 10, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 4) 2021: 231 trials (Observational 94, Not applicable 96, Phase 4 10, Phase 3 11, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 9, Phase 1/2 3, Phase 1 7) 2022: 227 trials (Observational 85, Not applicable 110, Phase 4 11, Phase 3 6, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 7, Phase 1 6) 2023: 215 trials (Observational 80, Not applicable 103, Phase 4 11, Phase 3 13, Phase 2 4, Phase 1/2 1, Phase 1 3) 2024: 229 trials (Observational 81, Not applicable 113, Phase 4 9, Phase 3 10, Phase 2/3 1, Phase 2 8, Phase 1/2 2, Phase 1 5) 2025: 210 trials (Observational 67, Not applicable 105, Phase 4 12, Phase 3 9, Phase 2/3 2, Phase 2 7, Phase 1/2 5, Phase 1 3)

Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.

Trials started per year
Year Trials started
2026 (partial year) 202
2025 210
2024 229
2023 215
2022 227
2021 231
2020 187
2019 211
2018 184
2017 139

Showing 10 of 35 earlier years.

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Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 240 trials starting in 2026 and about 230 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 13 percent and ran about 12 percent low against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 19 percent and ran about 17 percent low against the count later registered, and had about the same error as repeating last year's count. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.

Prediction, not a registry value: median of 36 months from start to primary completion across 249 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 23 months across 1,913 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.

What phase are Spinal Diseases trials in? (9)

Shown in this order: phase order.

Show the trials by phase as a table
Trials by phase
Phase Trials
Phase 1 80
Phase 1/2 40
Phase 2 153
Phase 2/3 28
Phase 3 253
Phase 4 245
Not applicable 1,265
Observational 1,157
Expanded access 3

How many Spinal Diseases trials are recruiting? (11)

Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.

Trials by recruitment status
Status Trials
Not yet recruiting 177
Recruiting 373
Enrolling by invitation 53
Active, not recruiting 123
Available 2

Showing 5 of 11 statuses.

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Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.

Which lead sponsors run the most Spinal Diseases trials? (6)

Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.

Lead sponsors
Sponsor Trials
Novartis Pharmaceuticals 47
Pfizer 39
AbbVie 36
Medtronic Spinal and Biologics 28
Amgen 23

Showing 5 of 6 sponsors.

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Which drugs are being tested for Spinal Diseases? (2)

Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.

Drugs tested
Drug Trials
INFLIXIMAB 39
(CP-6890,550) Tofacitinib 19

Interventions as named in the registry (13)

Shown in this order: most trials first.

Interventions as named in the registry
Drug Trials
1=Etanercept 64
Adalimumab-US 63
Secukinmab 56
HD- Methotrexate (MTX) 31
SC golimumab 29

Showing 5 of 13 interventions.

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These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.

Which serious adverse events do Spinal Diseases trials report? (10)

Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.

Serious adverse events in this condition's trials
Adverse event Subjects affected Trials
Osteoarthritis 275 82
Pneumonia 266 90
Surgery - Other 152 2
Other 127 7
Cholelithiasis 117 52

Showing 5 of 10 adverse events.

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Which publications cover Spinal Diseases? (544)

Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.

Publications
Publication Journal Year Major topic
Cost-Effectiveness of Single Versus Multiple Sessions of Physical Therapy for Adults With Spinal Disorders: An Economic Evaluation From a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy 2025 Yes
Validation of the arabic version of the EuroQol-5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5 L) in patients with spinal degenerative diseases. BMC public health 2024 Yes
Effect of Spinal Cord Burst Stimulation vs Placebo Stimulation on Disability in Patients With Chronic Radicular Pain After Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2022 Yes
The efficacy of oral vitamin D supplements on fusion outcome in patients receiving elective lumbar spinal fusion-a randomized control trial. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2022 Yes
Lumbar instability as an etiology of low back pain and its treatment by prolotherapy: A review. Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation 2022 Yes

Showing 5 of 544 publications.

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Sub-conditions in MeSH (10)

MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.

Not on this page

Not measured: delivery record.

Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.

Browse all condition evidence pages