Condition (MeSH)
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
ClinicalTrials.gov lists 1,847 trials for Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections or a narrower condition beneath it. GlaxoSmithKline has the most among industry and government lead sponsors, with 194.
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Trials per phase
2 more sections with rows
53 of the 1,847 trials are tagged with Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections itself; the rest are tagged with a narrower condition beneath it.
When did Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections trials start? (33)
Shown in this order: most recent first, 1990 onwards. 2026 is partial: trials registered with a 2026 start date so far, not a full year. 3 trials are registered to start in 2027 or later, and not listed here.
Trials over time, by phase
- Phase 1
- Phase 1/2
- Phase 2
- Phase 2/3
- Phase 3
- Phase 4
- Not applicable
- Observational
- Other (Unknown)
Top of scale: 91
Trials registered with a start date in each year, 1990 onward, stacked by phase (complete years only; the current partial year is in the table's notes). The table below lists the same counts, most recent years first.
| Year | Trials started |
|---|---|
| 2026 (partial year) | 80 |
| 2025 | 76 |
| 2024 | 83 |
| 2023 | 76 |
| 2022 | 74 |
| 2021 | 90 |
| 2020 | 59 |
| 2019 | 91 |
| 2018 | 85 |
| 2017 | 78 |
Showing 10 of 33 earlier years.
Forecast of the full-year count, planned starts included, not rows of this table: about 97 trials starting in 2026 and about 83 in 2027, the average of the 24 months through September, counted as registered and carried forward, with about 0.7 times the starts already registered for the rest of 2026 added. The rows of this table count trials registered so far with a start date in the year, planned starts included; the forecast looks ahead to the count for the whole year, so it is not the same measure. In backtests on conditions of this size, forecasts made part-way through the year were typically off by about 15 percent and ran about 1 percent high against the count later registered; forecasts made before the year began were off by about 26 percent and ran about 20 percent low against the count later registered. The part-way figures are from forecasts that used a multiple fitted only on earlier years. These figures rest on a few years of history (target years from 2018 to 2025, varying by figure), place each condition as it is mapped today rather than as it was then, and score against a count for the newest year that was still being revised. Only condition series were scored.
Prediction, not a registry value: median of 36 months from start to primary completion across 102 trials still running at the 2026-10-09 snapshot; registered median of 17 months across 1,298 trials with a primary completion typed Actual. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT (CTTI), public domain.
What phase are Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections trials in? (10)
Shown in this order: phase order.
Show the trials by phase as a table
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Phase 1 | 142 |
| Phase 1/2 | 51 |
| Phase 2 | 268 |
| Phase 2/3 | 27 |
| Phase 3 | 371 |
| Phase 4 | 240 |
| Not applicable | 288 |
| Observational | 456 |
| Expanded access | 3 |
| Unknown | 1 |
How many Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections trials are recruiting? (11)
Shown in this order: the order a trial moves through, from not yet recruiting to unknown.
| Status | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not yet recruiting | 63 |
| Recruiting | 150 |
| Enrolling by invitation | 6 |
| Active, not recruiting | 43 |
| Completed | 1,265 |
Showing 5 of 11 statuses.
Status as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Each trial is counted once.
Which lead sponsors run the most Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections trials? (7)
Shown in this order: most trials first. Lead sponsors the registry classes as industry, NIH, US federal, other government or network. A hospital or university the registry files as government can appear here. Sponsors it classes as academic or other are shown on the full page, because that class cannot separate an institution from a named investigator.
| Sponsor | Trials |
|---|---|
| GlaxoSmithKline | 194 |
| Sanofi Pasteur, a Sanofi Company | 115 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) | 65 |
| Novartis Vaccines | 61 |
| Pfizer | 28 |
Showing 5 of 7 sponsors.
Which drugs are being tested for Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections? (3)
Shown in this order: most trials first. One row per drug, matched to a single molecule under all its names, ranked by number of trials.
| Drug | Trials |
|---|---|
| MENJUGATE | 14 |
| Benzathine Penicillin G | 14 |
| Meningitec | 13 |
Interventions as named in the registry (12)
Shown in this order: most trials first.
| Drug | Trials |
|---|---|
| 1% Azithromycin | 54 |
| Doxycline | 36 |
| Ceftriaxone 4g/ 24h | 32 |
| InfanrixTM hexa | 29 |
| PO ciprofloxacin | 20 |
Showing 5 of 12 interventions.
These are the names sponsors entered on ClinicalTrials.gov that we have not matched to a single molecule. Some are drugs under a brand or code name; others are procedures, doses or arm labels.
Which serious adverse events do Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections trials report? (10)
Shown in this order: most subjects affected first. Subjects affected summed across trials, a cross-trial signal, not a rate.
| Adverse event | Subjects affected | Trials |
|---|---|---|
| Preterm delivery | 2,457 | 1 |
| Small for gestational age | 2,457 | 1 |
| Congenital anomalies of eye | 2,121 | 1 |
| Congenital anomalies of upper gastrointestinal system | 1,719 | 1 |
| Preeclampsia/eclampsia | 1,468 | 1 |
Showing 5 of 10 adverse events.
Which publications cover Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections? (346)
Shown in this order: major-topic papers first, then newest, then most linked to trials.
Showing 5 of 346 publications.
Sub-conditions in MeSH (24)
MeSH descendants one level down with at least one trial, most trials first.
+14 more sub-conditions
Not on this page
Not measured: delivery record.
Checked, with nothing recorded for this condition: prevalence and rare-disease identity.